Common Japanese Verbs

A curated reference of frequently used Japanese verbs, grouped by conjugation type. Click any verb to see its full conjugation table.

Irregular Verbs

These two verbs do not follow the standard conjugation patterns and must be memorised individually.

KanjiHiraganaRomajiDefinition
為るするsuruto do; to carry out; to performConjugate
来るくるkuruto come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arriveConjugate

Godan Verbs (う-verbs)

Also known as う-verbs, these verbs have a stem ending in a consonant and follow a five-step (五段) conjugation pattern.

KanjiHiraganaRomajiDefinition
行くいくikuto go; to move (towards); to head (towards)Conjugate
言ういうiuto say; to utter; to declareConjugate
聞くきくkikuto hearConjugate
話すはなすhanasuto talk; to speak; to converseConjugate
買うかうkauto buy; to purchaseConjugate
売るうるuruto sellConjugate
作るつくるtsukuruto make; to produce; to manufactureConjugate
使うつかうtsukauto use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to useConjugate
持つもつmotsuto hold (in one's hand); to take; to carryConjugate
取るとるtoruto take; to pick up; to grabConjugate
置くおくokuto put; to placeConjugate
入るいるiruto enter; to go in; to get inConjugate
立つたつtatsuto stand (up); to rise; to get to one's feetConjugate
歩くあるくarukuto walkConjugate
走るはしるhashiruto runConjugate
帰るかえるkaeruto return; to come home; to go homeConjugate
会うあうauto meet; to encounter; to seeConjugate
知るしるshiruto know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of)Conjugate
思うおもうomouto think; to consider; to believeConjugate
分かるわかるwakaruto understand; to comprehend; to graspConjugate
学ぶまなぶmanabuto study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons inConjugate
終わるおわるowaruto end; to come to an end; to closeConjugate
住むすむsumuto live (of humans); to reside; to inhabitConjugate
働くはたらくhatarakuto work; to labor; to labourConjugate
休むやすむyasumuto be absent; to take a day offConjugate
遊ぶあそぶasobuto play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to have a good timeConjugate
待つまつmatsuto waitConjugate
急ぐいそぐisoguto hurry; to rush; to hastenConjugate
呼ぶよぶyobuto call out (to); to call; to invokeConjugate
頼むたのむtanomuto request; to beg; to askConjugate
貸すかすkasuto lend; to loanConjugate
送るおくるokuruto send (a thing); to dispatch; to despatchConjugate
払うはらうharauto pay (e.g. money, bill)Conjugate
乗るのるnoruto get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to boardConjugate
渡るわたるwataruto cross over; to go acrossConjugate
並ぶならぶnarabuto line up; to stand in a lineConjugate
動くうごくugokuto move; to stir; to shiftConjugate
止まるとまるtomaruto stop (moving); to come to a stopConjugate
育つそだつsodatsuto be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)Conjugate
増えるふえるfueruto increase; to multiplyConjugate
減るへるheruto decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abateConjugate
壊すこわすkowasuto break; to destroy; to demolishConjugate
直すなおすnaosuto repair; to mend; to fixConjugate
触るさわるsawaruto touch; to feelConjugate
笑うわらうwarauto laughConjugate
泣くなくnakuto cry; to weep; to sobConjugate
怒るおこるokoruto get angry; to get madConjugate
喜ぶよろこぶyorokobuto be delighted; to be glad; to be pleasedConjugate
疑ううたがうutagauto doubt; to distrust; to be suspicious ofConjugate
守るまもるmamoruto protect; to guard; to defendConjugate
攻めるせめるsemeruto attack; to assault; to assailConjugate
勝つかつkatsuto win; to gain victoryConjugate
追うおうouto chase; to run after; to pursueConjugate
探すさがすsagasuto search for; to look for; to hunt forConjugate
隠すかくすkakusuto hide; to concealConjugate
数えるかぞえるkazoeruto count; to enumerateConjugate
試すためすtamesuto try (out); to have a try (at); to testConjugate
洗うあらうarauto wash; to cleanse; to rinseConjugate
脱ぐぬぐnuguto take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undressConjugate

Ichidan Verbs (る-verbs)

Also known as る-verbs, these verbs have a stem ending in a vowel and conjugate by simply dropping the る ending.

KanjiHiraganaRomajiDefinition
見るみるmiruto see; to look; to watchConjugate
食べるたべるtaberuto eatConjugate
出るでるderuto leave; to exit; to go outConjugate
座るすわるsuwaruto sit; to squatConjugate
考えるかんがえるkangaeruto think (about, of); to think over; to ponderConjugate
教えるおしえるoshieruto teach; to instructConjugate
覚えるおぼえるoboeruto memorize; to memorise; to commit to memoryConjugate
忘れるわすれるwasureruto forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful ofConjugate
始めるはじめるhajimeruto start; to begin; to commenceConjugate
続けるつづけるtsuzukeruto continue; to keep up; to keep onConjugate
止めるとめるtomeruto stop; to turn offConjugate
開けるあけるakeruto open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlockConjugate
閉めるしめるshimeruto close; to shutConjugate
答えるこたえるkotaeruto answer; to replyConjugate
決めるきめるkimeruto decide; to choose; to determineConjugate
変えるかえるkaeruto change; to alter; to transformConjugate
助けるたすけるtasukeruto save; to rescue; to spareConjugate
借りるかりるkariruto borrow; to have a loanConjugate
受けるうけるukeruto receive; to getConjugate
降りるおりるoriruto descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come downConjugate
集めるあつめるatsumeruto collect; to assemble; to gatherConjugate
並べるならべるnaraberuto line up; to set up; to arrange in a lineConjugate
生きるいきるikiruto live; to existConjugate
死ぬしぬshinuto die; to pass awayConjugate
生まれるうまれるumareruto be bornConjugate
壊れるこわれるkowareruto be broken; to break; to fall apartConjugate
直るなおるnaoruto get mended; to be repaired; to be fixedConjugate
感じるかんじるkanjiruto feel; to sense; to experienceConjugate
信じるしんじるshinjiruto believe; to believe in; to place trust inConjugate
負けるまけるmakeruto lose; to be defeatedConjugate
逃げるにげるnigeruto run away; to flee; to get away (e.g. from danger)Conjugate
見つけるみつけるmitsukeruto discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to come acrossConjugate
隠れるかくれるkakureruto hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneselfConjugate
比べるくらべるkuraberuto compare; to make a comparisonConjugate
浴びるあびるabiruto dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun)Conjugate
着るきるkiruto wear (from the shoulders down); to put onConjugate
入れるいれるireruto put in; to let in; to take inConjugate
出すだすdasuto take out; to get outConjugate